Xa eli xesha lonyaka lifika kwaye ubushushu buqala ukuba yinyani ukuhlala nayo yonke imihla, ukutya kwethu kuyatshintsha ngokwendalo. Siziva ngathi ukutya izinto ezintsha kwaye iziqhamo zasehlotyeni baba ngumthombo omkhulu. Kuwo wonke umntu ngaphandle kwabo bazivayo umlomo uyarhawuzelelwa xa usitya iziqhamo njengephayinapile okanye ivatala. Ungomnye wabo? Ngaba uyazi ukuba yintoni na?
Iziqhamo ngunobangela rhoqo I-Oral Allergy Syndrome (OSA) echaza imbonakalo yokurhawuzelelwa kwinkalakahla nasemqaleni kwaye, nangona ingaphantsi rhoqo, indlebe. Ngaba wakha wayiva? IKiwi, imelon, ipayinapile, ivatala kunye neapilkosi zezona ziqhamo zidla ngokuyibangela.
Yintoni i-Oral Allergy Syndrome?
Los iimpawu zesistim ezifana nokuhlanza, isifo sohudo, i-asthma kunye ne-urticaria, kunye ne-anaphylaxis zinqabile kakhulu kwaye zenzeke kuphela kwi-3% yezigulane, ngoko zinokuthi zibekwe njengento engavamile.
Iimbangela ze-Oral Allergy Syndrome
Kukho inani elikhulu lee-antigens ezikwazi ukuvelisa i-Oral Allergy Syndrome. Kwezi, elona qela likhulu lenziwe ngabo iiprotheni zempendulo ye-pathogen (PR). Ezi zenziwa ngokwendalo kwizityalo ekuphenduleni usulelo lwebhaktiriya okanye lomngundo okanye izinto ezicinezelayo: utshintsho lobushushu, imbalela, ukothuka komatshini...
Phakathi kweziqhamo, ezo zinokuqulatha olu hlobo lweprotheyini kwaye zihlala zibangela i-OAS: iapile, icherry, ipesika, imelon, ipayinapile kunye nekiwi. Nangona, njengoko uza kubona ngezantsi, uluhlu lude kakhulu.
Ezi proteni zilandelayo zikhoyo kwiziqhamo zenza ezona allergen zibalulekileyo:
- PR-2: Ibhanana, iitapile, itumata
- PR-3 (chitinases): iavokhado, ibhanana
- PR-5 (thaumatin):Apile, icherry, ipepile, kiwi, umdiliya
- PR-10: Iapile, icherry, iapilkosi, ipere, iseleri, ikherothi…
- PR-14 Iiproteni ezihambisa i-lipid: Ipesika, iapile, icherry, iapilkosi, iplam, idiliya...
- Iiprofayili: Iintlobo ngeentlobo zeziqhamo nemifuno
- IiProteases: Ipapaya, umkhiwane, ipayinapile, kiwi, imbotyi yesoya, imelon
Ngaphezulu kwe-90% yeemeko ze-OAS zidibene ne-rhinitis ye-allergen kunye i-pollen sensitization. Ngapha koko, kuqhelekile ukuba izigulana ezingadibaniyo nenye yezi ntlobo zilandelayo ze-pollen zibe neempawu xa zisitya ezi ziqhamo zilandelayo:
- Ingca: itumato, ivatala, ivatala, iapile, ipere, iquince, ipesika, iplum, icherry, iqunube, iapricot, loquat, iblackberry, raspberry...
- Artemis: iapile, ipere, iquince, ipesika, iplam, icherry, iqunube, iapilkosi, i-medlar, iblackberry, iraspberry, nectarine...
- UPlantago: imelon.
- I-Shadow banana: ibhanana, i-apile, i-celery, umbona, i-chickpea, i-lettuce.
Ungayiphatha njani
Iiprotheyini ezibangela i-OAS zi kancinane ukumelana nokugaywa kwesisu kwaye iqondo lobushushu liyenyuka. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, abantu abaninzi abangevaniyo abadli ngokubonisa ukusabela kwenkqubo, kodwa bafumaneka kuphela kwindawo ye-oropharynx. Kwaye abantu abaninzi ababonakalisi oku kusabela ukuba isiqhamo siphekiwe. Kungenxa yoko le nto kubalulekile ukugcina engqondweni ezi ngcebiso zilandelayo:
- Kuphephe ukutya ekrwada ukutya okusibangela i-ODS.
- hlabula iziqhamo ngaphambi kokuzitya, kuba amaxesha amaninzi iprotheni ebangela ukusabela komnqamlezo ikwi-peel.
Abanye unyango lokwaliwa kwi-pollens ezithile, zinokuphucula ukungahambisani neziqhamo kwiziqhamo ezinxulumene naloo pollen. Ukongeza, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphando luye lwenziwa ekuphuhliseni izitofu ezithile ezingaphantsi kweelwimi.
Ngaba uziva urhawuzelelwa emlonyeni xa usitya iziqhamo ezithile? Ngaba urhanela ukungavumi kolu hlobo? Ngokufanelekileyo, kwezi meko, ukuba i-allergies ayiphelelanga ekutyeni okunye kunye / okanye iimpawu zinzima, dibana ne-allergist. Oku, ngembali yonyango eneenkcukacha, kuya kucela iimvavanyo zokuxilonga ezihambelanayo. Ezi isenokuba luvavanyo lwesikhumba kunye/okanye uvavanyo lwegazi lokulinganisa i-antibody echaseneyo ngqo nokutya okukrokrelekayo kwaye, kwiimeko ezininzi, uvavanyo lokunyamezela/umngeni olulawulwa e-ofisini.